教育经历

1984.7：学士，合肥工业大学，资源与环境系 

1988.7：硕士，长安大学，环境地球化学 

1998.3：博士，哥本哈根大学环境化学研究所，系统生态学

工作经历

1984.8－1985.8：助理工程师，安徽省煤田地质公司第三勘探队 

1988.8－1994.12：工程师，安徽省环境保护科学研究院 

1998.4－2000.3：博士后，bat365在线平台城市与环境学系 

2000.4－2007.7：副教授，bat365在线平台城市与环境学系/环境学院 

2007.8－现在：教授，bat365在线平台

会议发言与组织

2016.8－2017.2：访问教授，美国麻省大学阿莫斯特分校

2014.8：访问教授，荷兰生态研究所

2009,4－5：访问教授，香港中文大学（HKCU）环境科学中心

2006.8：访问讲学，韩国海洋科学研究院

2003.8－2004.1：访问教授，京都大学, 环境质量控制研究中心

2001.8－10：访问教授，香港中文大学（HKCU）环境科学中心

2001.7：访问学者，美国夏威夷大学东西方中心(EWC)

1995.1－12：访问学者，丹麦皇家医药大学，欧共体居里基金资助

1993,10－12：进修，日本国际合作局（JICA）东京培训中心

博士生导师/方向

污染物环境行为、毒性效应以及生态与健康风险；水、土环境科学

硕士生导师/方向

污染物环境行为、毒性效应以及生态与健康风险；水、土环境科学

杂志任职

编委：国际刊物《Ecological Modelling》(SCI源刊),1993 —

编委：国际刊物《Ecological Indicator》(SCI源刊), 2012 —

编委：国际刊物《Journal of Ecosystem》，2012 —

编委：国际刊物《Ecosystem Health and Sustainability》，2014 —

编委：中文核心期刊《湖泊科学》，2006 —

编委：中文核心期刊《中国测试》，2011 —

书籍编撰

Book / chapters 

(1)Sven Erik J?rgensen, Ni-Bin Chang, and Fu-Liu Xu. Advances in the Ecological Modelling and Ecological Engineering applied on Lakes and Wetlands. Elsevier, 2014. 

(2)J?rgensen S.E., Xu F.-L.，Constansan R., “Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health” (Secrion edition). CRC Press, 2010, pp. 485. 

(3)J?rgensen S.E., Constansan R., Xu F.-L. “Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health”. CRC Press, 2005, pp. 439. 

(4)F-L Xu, 2008. Trophic Classification for Lakes. In Sven Erik Jorgensen and Brian D. Fath (Editor-in-Chief), Ecological Indicators. Vol. [5] of Encyclopedia of Ecology, 5 vols. pp. [3594-3601] Oxford: Elsevier.

学术任职

委员：国际生态模拟学会（ISEM），2006 —

副主任：中国生态学会，污染生态专业委员会，2013 —

委员：中国矿物岩石地球化学学会，环境地质地球化学专业委员会，2003 —

委员：中国地理学学会，湖泊与湿地分会，2015 —

委员：中国环境科学学会，沉积物与环境专业委员会，2016 —

常委理事：中国环境科学学会，水环境科学分会，2005 —

荣誉与奖励

2007，教育部自然科学奖二等奖 2006，bat365在线平台正大优秀教师奖 2004，教育部自然科学奖一等奖 2004，bat365在线平台优秀博士后奖 2002，bat365在线平台优秀班主任三等奖

杂志编辑

Xu, Fu-Liu; Jorgensen, Sven Erik; Shimizu, Yoshihisa (Editors) (2013). Persistent Organic Pollutants in Fresh Water Ecosystems. Special Issue, SCIENTIFIC WORLD JOURNAL.

教学

决策分析 (本科生，选修课)，36学时，2001-2005

地学基础 (本科生，必修课)，72学时，2001-2010

环境地球 (本科生，选修课)，54学时，2011-

生态模型（研究生，选修课），54学时，2001-

环境科学秋季讲座（研究生，选修课），54学时，2008-

自2001年以来指导本科生毕业实习、毕业论文(25人次)

自2001年以来指导硕士研究生18名，博士研究生8名

曾担任1998级、2000级和2004级环境科学专业班主任

主持项目

16－19，国家自然科学基金项目：水生植物铁皇冠对镉超富集和高耐受的调控机制研究

13－16，国家自然科学基金项目：全氟有机污染物在湖泊生态系统中的分布、归趋与风险研究

11－14，国家自然科学基金重点项目：浅水湖泊生态系统演化的模拟研究

10－12，教育部博士点基金项目：基于物种敏感性分布和热力学指标的生态风险评价方法研究

08－11，国家杰出青年基金项目：污染物表生行为与环境效应

07－09，国家自然科学基金面上项目：湖泊多环芳烃归宿的多介质逸度模型

03－05，国家自然科学基金面上项目：湖泊生态系统健康影响因素及其动力机制

00－02，国家自然科学基金面上项目：浅水湖泊生态结构变化的模拟研究

98－00，教育部留学回国基金项目：有机污染的生态健康效应

98－00，人事部博士后基金项目：湖泊生态健康指标体系与评价方法

95－97，欧共体居里基金项目：湖泊生态模型及生态系统健康研究

参加项目

16－20，国家重点研发计划项目课题，化肥农药减施增效技术环境效应评价方法研究

12－15，国家水专项项目：巢湖重污染河道旁路净化与河口湿地生态重建技术与工程示范

10－11，环保部公益项目：环境基准的共性技术研究

08－10，国家水专项项目：海河流域典型城市水环境整治技术研究与综合示范项目

08－10，国家水专项项目：巢湖水污染治理与富营养化综合控制技术及工程示范项目

07－11，国家973项目：京津渤区域复合污染过程、生态毒理效应及控制修复原理

06－10，国家973项目：黄淮海地区湿地水生态过程、水环境效应及生态安全调控

06－08，浙江省交通厅项目：高速公路建设对国家自然风景区的综合影响与对策研究

01－06，国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目：环境生物地球化学研究

04－07，国家自然科学基金重点项目：环渤海西部多环芳烃的区域环境过程

01－03，国家自然科学基金重点项目：典型微量有机物污染物的区域环境过程

98－02，中加3×3合作项目：京津塘水资源可持续管理研究

Peer Review Papers

(1)   Xiangzhen Kong, Qishuang He, BinYang, Wei He, Fuliu Xu*, Janssen, A.B.G., Kuiper, J.J., van Gerven, L.P.A., Qin,N., Jiang, Y., Liu, W., Yang, C., Bai, Z., Zhang, M., Kong, F., Janse, J.H., Mooij,W.M.** (2017). Hydrological regulation drives regime shifts: evidence frompaleolimnology and ecosystem modeling of a large shallow Chinese lake. GlobalChange Biology 23: 737-754.

(2)   Xiangzhen Kong, Wei He, NingQin, Wenxiu Liu, Bin Yang, Chen Yang, Fuliu Xu*, Wolf M. Mooij, Albert A.Koelmanset** (2017). Impact of regime shifts on the fate of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAHs) in shallow lake ecosystems: a modeling approach. WaterResearch: Water Research 119: 73-82.

(3)   Fu-Liu Xu, Chen Yang, Wei He,Qi-Shuang He, Yi-Long Li, Lei Kang, Wen-Xiu Liu, Yong-Qiang Xiong, Baoshan Xing(2017). Bias and association of sediment organic matter source apportionment indicators:A case study in a eutrophic Lake Chaohu, China. Science of the TotalEnvironment 581–582 : 874–884.

(4)   Yang Jiao, Hui-Ling Ouyang,Yu-Jiao Jiang, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wei He,Wen-Xiu Liu,Bin Yang, Fu-Liu Xu*  (2017).Effects of phosphorus stress on the photosynthetic andphysiologicalcharacteristics of Chlorella vulgaris based on chlorophyllfluorescenceand flow cytometric analysis. Ecological Indicators 78: 131–141.

(5)   Wei He, Yanru Chen, Chen Yang,Wenxiu Liu, Xiangzhen Kong, Ning Qin, Qishuang He, and Fuliu Xu* (2017). OptimizedMultiresidue Analysis of Organic Contaminants of Priority Concern in a DailyConsumed Fish (Grass Carp). Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry Volume2017, Article ID 9294024, 13 pages.

(6)   Wei He, Chen Yang, Wenxiu Liu,Qishuang He, Qingmei Wang, Yilong Li, Xiangzhen Kong, Xinyu Lan, F uliu Xu*(2016). The partitioning behavior of persistent toxicant organic contaminants ineutrophic sediments: Coefficients and effects of fluorescent organic matter andparticle size. Environmental Pollution 219: 724-734.

(7)   Lei Kang, Qi-Shuang He, Wei He*, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-Xiu Liu, Wen-Jing Wu, Yi-LongLi, Xin-Yu Lan, Fu-Liu Xu** (2016). Current status and historical variations ofDDT-related contaminants in the sediments of Lake Chaohu in China and their influencingfactors. Environmental Pollution 219: 883-896.

(8)   Wen-Xiu Liu, Yan Wang, Wei He,Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Qi-Shuang He,Bin Yang, Chen Yang, Yu-Jiao Jiang,Sven Erik Jorgensen, Fu-Liu Xu∗(2016). Aquatic biota as potential biological indicators of thecontamination,bioaccumulation and health risks caused by organochlorinepesticidesin a large, shallow Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu).Ecological Indicators 60: 335–345.

(9)   Bin Yang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Wei He,Wen-Xiu Liu, Xiang-Zhen Kong,Sven Erik Jørgensen, Fu-Liu Xu∗(2016). The tempo-spatial variations of phytoplankton diversitiesand theircorrelation with trophic state levels in a large eutrophic Chineselake. Ecological Indicators 66: 153–162.

(10)XiangzhenKong, Wei He, Wenxiu Liu, Bin Yang, Fuliu Xu∗, Sven Erik Jørgensen,Wolf M. Mooij (2016). Changes in food webstructure and ecosystem functioning of a large,shallow Chinese lake during the1950s, 1980s and 2000s. Ecological Modelling 319 : 31–41.

(11)HE Wei,BAI ZeLin, LI YiLong, KONG XiangZhen, LIU WenXiu, YANG Chen, YANG Bin & XU FuLiu* (2016). Advances in environmental behaviors and effects ofdissolved organic matter in aquatic ecosystems. Science China Earth Sciences,59: 1–14.

(12)Lei Kang,Qing-Mei Wang, Qi-Shuang He, Wei He1, Wen-Xiu Liu, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Bin Yang, ChenYang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Fu-Liu Xu*(2016). Current status and historical variations of phthalate ester (PAE) contaminationin the sediments from a large Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu). Environ Sci PollutRes, 23:10393–10405.

(13)Wei He,Ze-Lin Bai, Wen-Xiu Liu, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Bin Yang, Chen Yang, Sven ErikJørgensen, Fu-Liu Xu* (2016). Occurrence,spatial distribution, sources, and risks of polychlorinated biphenyls and heavymetals in surface sediments from a large eutrophic Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu). EnvironSci Pollut Res, 23: 10335-10348.  

(14)Yi-LongLi, Wei He, Wen-Xiu Liu, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Bin Yang, Chen Yang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2015). Influences of binding to dissolved organic matter onhydrophobic organic compounds in a multi-contaminant system: Coefficients, mechanismsand ecological risks. Environmental Pollution 206: 461-468.

(15)XiangzhenKong, Lin Dong, Wei He, Qingmei Wang, Wolf M. Mooij, Fuliu Xu* (2015). Estimation of the long-term nutrient budget andthresholds of regime shift for a large shallow lake in China. EcologicalIndicators 52: 231–244.

(16)Qi-ShuangHe, Qing-Mei Wang, Yan Wang, Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong,Wen-Xiu Liu, BinYang, Fu-Liu Xu∗(2015).Temporal and spatial variations of organochlorine pesticides in the suspendedparticulate matter from Lake Chaohu, China. Ecological Engineering 80: 214–222.

(17)Fu-Liu Xu, Yi-Long Li, Yin Wang, Wei He, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Ning Qin,Wen-XiuLiu, Wen-Jing Wu, Sven Erik Jorgensenb (2015). Key issues for the developmentand application of the speciessensitivity distribution (SSD) model forecological risk assessment. Ecological Indicators 54: 227–237.

(18)Wen-XiuLiu, Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Qi-Shuang He, Bin Yang, Chen Yang, SvenErik Jorgensen, Fu-Liu Xu* (2015).Temporal-spatial distributions and ecological risks of perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) in the surface water from the fifth-largest freshwater lake in China(Lake Chaohu). Environmental Pollution 200: 24-34.

(19)YangJiao, Hui-Ling Ouyang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Xiang-Zhen Kong,Wei He,Wen-Xiu Liu, Bin Yang, and Fu-Liu Xu* (2015). Toxic Effects of Ethyl Cinnamate on the Photosynthesisand Physiological Characteristics of Chlorella vulgaris Based on ChlorophyllFluorescence and Flow Cytometry Analysis. The Scientific World Journal, Volume2015, Article ID 107823, 12 pages.

(20) Ning Qin, Wei He, Xiang-Zhen Kong,Wen-Xiu Liu,Qi-Shuang He, Bin Yang, Qing-Mei Wang, Chen Yang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Sven ErikJorgensen, Fu-Liu Xu*, Xiao-Li Zhao (2014).Atmospheric partitioning and the air–water exchange of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons in a large shallow Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu). Science of theTotal Environment 496: 414–423.

(21)Wei He,Ning Qin, Qi-Shuang He, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-Xiu Liu, Qing-Mei Wang, Chen Yang,Yu-Jiao Jiang, Bin Yang, Ze-Lin Bai, Wen-Jing Wu, Fu-Liu Xu* (2014). AtmosphericPBDEs at rural and urban sites in central China from 2010 to 2013: Residuallevels, potential sources and human exposure. Environmental Pollution 192: 232-243.

(22)Wei He, NingQin, Xiang-Zhen Kong,Wen-Xiu Liu, Qi-Shuang He, Qing-Mei Wang, Chen Yang,Yu-Jiao Jiang, Bin Yang,Wen-JingWu, Fu-Liu Xu* (2014). Water qualitybenchmarking (WQB) and priority control screening (PCS) of persistent toxicsubstances (PTSs) in China: Necessity, method and a case study. Science of the Total Environment 472: 1108–1120.

(23)Xiangzhen Kong, Wei He, Ning Qin, Qishuang He, Bin Yang,Huiling Ouyang, Qingmei Wang, Chen Yang, Yujiao Jiang, Fuliu Xu* (2014). Modeling the multimedia fatedynamics of r-hexachlorocyclohexane in a large Chinese lake. EcologicalIndicators 41: 65–74.

(24)Yu-JiaoJiang, Wei He, Wen-Xiu Liu, Ning Qin, Hui-Ling Ouyang, Qing-Mei Wang, Xiang-ZhenKong, Qi-Shuang He, Chen Yang, Bin Yang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2014). The seasonal andspatial variations of phytoplankton community and their correlation withenvironmental factors in a large eutrophic Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu). EcologicalIndicators 40: 58–67.

(25)Hui-Ling Ouyang & Qing-Mei Wang & Wei He & Ning Qin& Xiang-Zhen Kong & Wen-Xiu Liu & Qi-Shuang He & Yu-Jiao Jiang& Chen Yang & Bin Yang & Fu-Liu Xu* (2014). Organochlorinepesticides in the dust fall around Lake Chaohu, the fifth largest lake inChina. Environ Monit Assess 186:383–393.

(26)Xu FL, Qin N, ZhuY, He W, Kong XZ, Barbour MT., He QS,Wang Y, Ouyang HL, Tao S (2013).Multimedia fate modeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in LakeSmall Baiyangdian, Northern China. Ecological Modelling, 252: 246-257

(27)Fu-Liu Xu, Xiang-ZhenKong, Yan Wang, Wei He, Ning Qin, Qi-Shuang He, Shu Tao (2013). Distributions, sources and ecological risks of HCHs in sedimentsfrom Haihe Plain, Northern China. Environmental Sciences and Pollution Research. 20(4):2009-2019

(28)Ning Qin, Wei He,Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-Xiu Liu, Qi-Shuang He, Bin Yang, Hui-Ling Ouyang, QingmeiWang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Ecological risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in the water from a large Chinese lake based on multiple indicators. ECOLOGICALINDICATORS. 24: 599–608.

(29)Ning Qin, Wei He, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-XiuLiu, Qi-Shuang He, Bin Yang, Hui-Ling Ouyang, Qing-Mei Wang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Atmospheric partitioning and the air–water exchange of polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons in a large shallow Chinese lake (Lake Chaohu). Chemosphere,93 (5): 1685–1693.

(30)Wei He,Ning Qin, Xiangzhen Kong, Wenxiu Liu, Qishuang He, Huiling Ouyang, Chen Yang,Yujiao Jiang, Qingmei Wang, Bin Yang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Spatio-temporal distributionsand the ecological and health risks of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surfacewater of a large, shallow Chinese lake. Science of the Total Environment 461–462 (2013) 672–680.

(31)Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiangzhen Kong, WenxiuLiu, Qishuang He, Huiling Ouyang, Qingmei Wang, Bin Yang,Chen Yang, YujiaoJiang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Polybrominateddiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the surface sediments and suspended particulatematter (SPM) from Lake Chaohu, a large shallow Chinese lake. Science of the Total Environment , 463–464 (2013) 1163–1173.

(32)Wei He, Yanyan Zhang, Rong Tian, HongxingHu, Bin Chen, Lam Kin Chen, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Modeling the purificationeffects of the constructed Sphagnum wetland on phosphorus and heavy metals inDajiuhu Wetland Reserve, China. Ecological Modelling, 252: 23-31

(33) Hui-Ling Ouyang, Xiang-ZhenKong, Michel Lavoie, Wei He, Ning Qin, Qi-Shuang He, Bin Yang, Rong Wang and Fu-LiuXu* (2013). PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND CELLULARTOXICITY OF CADMIUM IN CHLORELLA VULGARIS. Environmental Toxicology andChemistry, 32(12): 2762–2770.

(34)Hui-LingOuyang, Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-Xiu Liu, Qi-Shuang He, ChenYang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Qing-Mei Wang, Bin Yang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). Water-gas exchange oforganochlorine pesticides at Lake Chaohu, a large Chinese lake. Environmental Sciences andPollution Research. 20(4): 2020-2032.

(35)Wen-Jing Wu & Ning Qin & Ying Zhu& Qi-Shuang He & Hui-Ling Ouyang & Wei He & Wen-Xiu Liu & Fu-LiuXu* (2013). The residual levels andhealth risks of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) anddichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs) in the fish from Lake Baiyangdian,North China. EnvironmentalSciences and Pollution Research. 20: 5950–5962.

(36)Wen-Xiu Liu, Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiang-ZhenKong, Qi-Shuang He, Hui-Ling Ouyang, Bin Yang, Qing-Mei Wang, Chen Yang,Yu-Jiao Jiang, Wen-Jing Wu, Fu-Liu Xu* (2013). The residues, distribution, and partition of organochlorinepesticides in the water, suspended solids, and sediments from a large Chineselake (Lake Chaohu) during the high water level period. EnvironmentalSciences and Pollution Research. 20(4): 2033-2045.

(37)Xiangzhen Kong, Wei He, NingQin, Qishang He, Bin Yang, Huiling Ouyang, Qingmei Wang, Fuliu Xu* (2013). Comparison of transport pathways and potential sources of PM10in two cities around Lake Chaohu using the modified trajectory analysis. AtmosphericResearch. 122: 284-297    

(38)Kong Xiang-Zhen; Jorgensen Sven Erik; He Wei; Ning Qin; XuFu-Liu* (2013). Predicting the restoration effects by a structuraldynamic approach in Lake Chaohu, China. Ecological Modelling 266 (2013) 73– 85.

(39)Wang Y,Wu WJ, He W, Qin N, He QS, Xu FL*(2013). Residues and ecological risks of organochlorine pesticides in LakeSmall Baiyangdian, North China. Environ Monit Assess. 185(1): 917-929  

(40)Wang Y, He W, Qin N, He QS, Kong XZ, Tao S & XuFL* (2013). Distributions, sources, and ecological risks of DDT-relatedcontaminants in water, suspended particulate matter, and sediments from HaihePlain, Northern China. Environ Monit Assess. 185(2): 1777-1790.

(41)HE W, Qin N, He QS, Wang Y, Kong XZ, Xu FL*(2012). Characterization, ecological and health risks of DDTs and HCHs in waterfrom a large shallow Chinese lake. Ecological Informatics, 12: 77-84.    

(42)Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong, YingZhu, Wei He, Qi-Shang He, Bin Yang, Hui-Ling Ou-Yang, Wen-Xiu Liu, Qing-MeiWang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2012). Distributions, sources andbackward trajectories of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in LakeSmall Baiyangdian, northern China. The ScientificWorld Journal. Volume 2012, Article ID 416321, 13 pages. doi:10.1100/2012/416321

(43)OUYANG Huiling, KONG Xiangzhen, QIN Ning, HE Wei, HEQishuang, WANG Yan, Wang Rong, XU Fuliu* (2012) . Effects of five heavymetals at sub-lethal concentrations on the growth and photosynthesis ofChlorella vulgaris. Chin Sci Bull,2012, 57(25): 3363-3370

(44)Wen-Xiu Liu, Wei He, Ning Qin,Xiang-Zhen Kong, Qi-Shuang He, Hui-Ling Ouyang, Bin Yang, Qing-Mei Wang, ChenYang, Yu-Jiao Jiang, Wen-Jing Wu, Fu-Liu Xu* (2012). Residues, distributions, sources and ecological risks of OCPs inthe water from Lake Chao, China. The Scientific World Journal,Vol. 2012, Article ID 897697, 16 pages, 2012. doi:10.1100/2012/897697.

(45)Hui-LingOuyang, Wei He, Ning Qin, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Wen-Xiu Liu, Qi-Shuang He, Yu-JiaoJiang, Qing-Mei Wang, Chen Yang, Bin Yang, Fu-Liu Xu* (2012). Levels, temporal-spatialvariations and sources of organochlorine pesticides in ambient air of LakeChaohu, China. The Scientific World Journal, Vol. 2012, ArticleID 504576, 12 pages, 2012. doi:10.1100/2012/504576.

(46)Xiangzhen Kong, Wei He, Ning Qin, Qishuang He, Bin Yang,Huiling Ouyang, Qingmei Wang, Chen Yang, Yujiao Jiang, Fuliu Xu*. Simulation of the fate andseasonal variations of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) in Lake Chaohu using a dynamic fugacity model. The ScientificWorld Journal, Vol. 2012, Article ID 691539, 15 pages, 2012.doi:10.1100/2012/691539.

(47)Wen-Jing Wu, Ning Qin, Wei He, Qi-Shuang He, Hui-LingOuyang, Fu-Liu Xu*. Levels,distribution and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fourfreshwater edible fish species from the Beijing market. The ScientificWorld Journal, Vol. 2012, Article ID 156378, 11 pages, 2012.doi:10.1100/2012/156378.

(48)Fu-Liu Xu, Wen-JingWu, Jun-Jun Wang, Ning Qin, Yan Wang, Qi-Shuang He, Wei He, Shu Tao (2011). Residual levels and health risk of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons in freshwater fishes from Lake Small Bai-Yang-Dian, NorthernChina. EcologicalModelling 222, 275–286.

(49)Fu-Liu Xu, Jun-JunWang, Bin Chen, Ning Qin, Wen-Jing Wu, Wei He, Qi-Shuang He, Yin Wang (2011). The variations of exergies and structural exergies alongeutrophication gradients in Chinese and Italian lakes. Ecological Modelling 222, 337–350.

(50)Xu, F. L., J.Y. HAO,S. TAO, R. W. DAWSON, K. C. LAM, Y. D. CHEN (2006). Restorating marine coastal ecosystem healthas a new goal for integrated catchment management in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong,China. Environmental Management 37(4): 540-552.

(51)Xu, F. L., Shan-Shan Zhao，Richard W. Dawson, Jun-Yi Hao, Ying Zhang, ShuTao(2006). A triangle model for evaluating the sustainability status and trendsof economic development. Ecological Modelling, 195: 327-337.

(52)Fu-Liu Xu, Zhen-Yan Zhao, Wei Zhan, Shan-Shan Zhao,R. W. Dawson, Shu Tao (2005). An Ecosystem Health Index Methodology (EHIM) forLake Ecosystem Health Assessment. Ecological Modelling : 188(2-4): 327-339.

(53)Xu, F. L., K. C. Lam, Z. Y. Zhao, W. Zhan, Y. D.Chen & S. Tao (2004). Marine Coastal Ecosystem HealthAssessment: a case study of Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, China.  Eclol. Model. 173(4): 355-370.

(54)Xu, F. L., K. C. Lam, R. W. Dawson, S. Tao &Y. D. Chen (2004). The Long-term Temporal-spatial Dynamics of Marine CoastalWater Quality in the Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, China. J. Environ. Sci.(China), 169(1): 161-166.

(55)Xu, F. L., S. Tao, R.W. Dawson & Z. R. Xu （2003）. The Distributions and Effectsof Nutrients in the sediments of a shallow eutrophic Chinese lake. Hydrobiologia, 492 (1-3): 85-93.

(56)Xu, F. L., Tao S. and R.W. Dawson (2002).System-level responses of lake ecosystems to chemical stresses using exergy andstructural exergy as ecological indicators. Chemosphere, 46 (2):173-185.  

(57)Xu, F. L., Tao S. & R.S. Dawson(2002). Lake ecological model: history and development.  J Env Sci. (China), 14 (2): 255-263.

(58)Xu, F. L. R.W. Dawson and S. Tao (2001).A method for lake ecosystem health assessment: an Ecological Modeling Methodand its application. Hydrobiologica， 443 (1-3): 159-175.

(59)Xu, F.L., S.Tao, R.W. Dawson, B.G. Li(2001). A GIS-based method of lake eutrophication assessment. Ecol.Model. 144 (2-3): 231-244.

(60)Xu, F. L. S.Tao, R.W. Dawson, B.G. Li& J. Cao (2001). Lake ecosystem healthassessment: indicators and methods. Water Research，35(13): 3157-3167.

(61)Xu, F.-L. & Tao S. (2000). On thestudy of ecosystem health: the state of the art. J. Envir. Sci. (China) 12：33-38.

(62) Xu, F.-L. & Tao S. (2000).Conceptual understandings of the ecological engineering issues in China andabroad. J. Envir. Sci. (China) 12：203-208.

(63) Xu, F.-L., S.Tao & Z.R. Xu. (1999).The restoration of wetlands and macrophytes in the Lake Chao:possibility and effects. Hydrobiologica 405: 169-178.

(64) Xu, F.-L., Jorgensen, S.E., Tao S. andP.G. Li (1999). Modeling the effects of macrophytes restoration on waterquality and ecosystem of Lake Chao. Ecol. Model. 117: 239-260.

(65)Xu, F.-L., Jorgensen, S.E. and Tao S.(1999).  Ecological indicators forassessing freshwater ecosystem health. Ecol. Model. 116: 77-106.

(66)Xu, F. L. (1997). Exergy & structural exergy asecological indicators for the development state of Lake Chao ecosystems. Ecol.Model., 99(1): 41-49.

(67)Xu, F. L. (1996). Ecosystem health assessment forLake Chao, a shallow eutrophic Chinese lake. Lakes & Reservoirs:Research & Management, 2 (2): 101-109.

(68)Yanjiao Xie, Ying Zhu, Fuliu Xu*,Xianli Liu, Bei Xue, Shu Tao (2007).  Amethod for determining pyrene in mucus using synchronous fluorimetry withmultiple standard additions. Chemosphere 66(10)：1878-1883.

(69)Tao S, Xu FL, Liu WX, Cui YH, Coveney RM (2006). A chemical extraction methodfor mimicking bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to wheatgrown in soils containing various amounts of organic matter. ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 40 (7): 2219-2224

(70)Tao S, Xu FL, Wang XJ, Liu WX, Gong ZM, Fang JY, Zhu LZ, Luo YM. (2005). Organochlorine pesticides inagricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin, China. EnvironmentalScience & Technology 39 (8): 2494-2499.

(71)Hu HY, Xu FL, Li BG, Cao J, Dawson R, Tao S (2005). Prediction of thebioconcentration factor of PCBs in fish. Using the molecular connectivity indexand fragment constant models.WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH 77 (1):87-97.

(72)Wu SP, Tao S, Xu FL, Dawson R, Lan T, Li BG, Cao J (2005). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsin dustfall in Tianjin, China. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 345 (1-3): 115-126

(73)Gong ZM, Xu FL, Dawson R, Cao J,Liu WX, Li BG, Shen WR, Zhang WJ, Qin BP, Sun R, Tao S (2004). Residues ofhexachlorocyclohexane isomers and their distribution characteristics in soilsin the Tianjin area, China. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION ANDTOXICOLOGY 46 (4): 432-437.

(74)Cao HY, Tao S, Xu FL, Coveney RM,Cao J, Li BG, Liu WX, Wang XJ, Hu JY, Shen WR, Qin BP, Sun R(2004). Multimediafate model for hexachlorocyclohexane in Tianjin, China. ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 38 (7): 2126-2132.

(75)Gong ZM, Tao S, Xu FL, Dawson R,Liu WX, Cui YH, Cao J, Wang XJ, Shen WR, Zhang WJ, Qing BP, Sun R (2004). Leveland distribution of DDT in surface soils from Tianjin, China. CHEMOSPHERE 54 (8): 1247-1253.

(76)Tao, S; Cui, YH; Xu, F; Li, BG;Cao, J; Liu, W; Schmitt, G; Wang, XJ; Shen, W; Qing, BP; Sun, R (2004).Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil and vegetablesfrom Tianjin Source: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, 320 (1):11-24

(77)Tao S, Chen YJ, Xu FL, Cao J, Li BG(2003). Changes of copper speciation in maize rhizosphere soil. Environ.Pollut., 122 (3): 447-454.

(78)Zhou ZY, Tao S, XuFL, Dawson R (2003). A physical-mathematical model for the transport of heavy metalsand toxic matter from point sources by geogas microbubbles. Ecol. Model.,161 (1-2): 139-149.

(79)Wang XL, Tao S, Xu FL,Dawson RW, Cao J, Li BG, Fang JY (2002). Modeling the fate of benzo[a]pyrene inthe wastewater-irrigated areas of Tianjin with a fugacity model. JENVIRON QUAL 31 (3): 896-903

(80)Tao S, Xi XH, Xu FL, LiBG, Cao J, Dawson R (2002). A fragment constant QSAR model for evaluating theec50 values of organic chemicals to daphnia magna, Env. Pollu., 116(1):57-64.

(81)TaoS, Hu HY, Xu FL, Dawson R, Li BG, Cao J. (2001). QSAR modeling ofbioconcentration factors in fish based on fragment constants and structuralcorrection factors, J Env Sci Health B, 36(5):631-649.

(82)贺勇, 徐福留*, 何伟, 秦宁, 孔祥臻, 刘文秀, 王卿梅, 巢湖生态系统中微量有机污染物的研究进展. 生态毒理学报. 2016, 11: 111-123.

(83)何伟, 白泽琳, 李一龙, 孔祥臻, 刘文秀, 杨晨, 杨斌, 徐福留. 2016. 水生态系统中溶解性有机质表生行为与环境效应研究. 中国科学: 地球科学, 46: 1–15.

(84)何伟, 白泽琳, 李一龙, 孔祥臻, 刘文秀, 杨晨, 杨斌, 徐福留. 2016. 溶解性有机质特性分析与来源解析的研究进展. 环境科学学报，36(2)：359-372.

(85)白泽琳，何伟，李一龙，刘文秀，杨晨，徐福留. 2016. 光诱导腐殖酸产生单线态氧的影响因素研究. 环境科学学报，36 (2)：359-372.

(86)王卿梅，王雁，何伟，秦宁，孔祥臻，刘文秀，徐福留（2014）. 巢湖悬浮物中有机氯的分布、来源与风险研究. 湖泊科学，26（6）：887-896.

(87)秦宁; 何伟; 孔祥臻; 徐福留（2013）. 中国水生生态系统中多环芳烃的生态毒性与生态风险研究进展. 中国科技论文, 8(12): 1209-1218.

(88)秦宁, 何伟, 王雁, 何玘霜, 孔祥臻，欧阳慧灵，徐福留（2013）. 巢湖水体和水产品中PAHs的含量与健康风险. 环境科学学报，33( 1) : 230-239.

(89)王雁;何伟; 秦宁; 何玘霜; 孔祥臻; 欧阳慧灵; 徐福留. 巢湖表层沉积物中有机氯农药的残留与风险. 环境科学学报，2012，32(2): 308-316.

(90)欧阳慧灵; 孔祥臻; 秦宁; 何伟; 何玘霜; 王雁; 王戎; 徐福留. 5种重金属亚致死暴露浓度对普通小球藻生长抑制与光合毒性的比较. 科学通报，2012，57(10)：785~793.

(91)何伟; 胡鸿兴; 沈虹; 王钰; 徐福留. 湖北省“两圈”生物资源生态足迹动态分析. 中国人口、资源与环境，2011，21（2）：167－174.

(92)何伟，秦宁，何玘霜，王雁，孔祥臻，欧阳慧灵，徐福留. 丰水期巢湖表层水体六六六农药的残留与风险. 环境科学学报，2011，31（5）：919－926.

(93)何伟; 秦宁; 王雁; 何玘霜; 孔祥臻; 欧阳慧灵; 徐福留.巢湖表层水体中DDTs农药的残留特征、来源解析与风险评价. 湖泊科学，2011，23（3）；325－333.

(94)何伟; 董琳; 秦宁; 何玘霜; 王雁; 孔祥臻; 欧阳慧灵; 徐福留. 天津市节能减排绩效及经济效益协调性研究. 中国人口、资源与环境，2011，21（6）：110－117.

(95)何伟; 董琳; 秦宁; 何玘霜; 王雁; 孔祥臻; 徐福留.天津市工业节能减排绩效及其与经济效益协调性评估. 环境科学研究, 2011，24（8）：958－966.

(96)孔祥臻;何伟; 秦宁; 王雁; 何玘霜; 欧阳慧灵; 徐福留. 应用物种敏感性分布评估重金属对淡水生物的急性生态风险. 中国环境科学, 2011,31(9)：1555~1562.

(97)欧阳慧灵，孔祥臻，何玘霜，秦宁，何伟，王雁，王戎,徐福留. 铜对普通小球藻的光合毒性：初始藻密度的影响. 生态毒理学报，2011, 6(5):499-506.

(98)秦宁，朱樱，吴文婧，王军军，王雁，何玘霜，何伟，徐福留. 多环芳烃在小白洋淀挺水植物中的分布、组成及其影响因素. 湖泊科学,2010, 22 (1): 49-56.

(99)何伟,秦宁,何玘霜,王雁,徐福留. 节能减排绩效及其与经济效益协调性的监控和评估. 环境科学学报, 2010, 30(7)：1499－1509

(100)           王印，王军军，秦宁，吴文婧，朱樱，徐福留. 应用物种敏感性分布评估DDT 和林丹对淡水生物的生态风险. 环境科学学报, 2009, 29(11)：2407-2414

(101)           朱樱; 吴文婧; 王军军; 秦宁; 王印; 王雁; 何玘霜; 徐福留. 小白洋淀水-沉积物系统多环芳烃的分布、来源与生态风险. 湖泊科学,2009，21（5）：637-646

(102)           刘良，颜小品，王印，徐福留. 应用物种敏感性分布评估多环芳烃对淡水生物的生态风险. 生态毒理学报, 2009，4(5)：647-654

(103)           吴文婧，谢金开，徐福留，陶澍. 苯并(a)芘在淡水鱼中的含量和分布. 环境科学学报, 2008，28（10）：2072－2077

(104)           谢金开，吴文婧，徐福留，陶澍. 北京市场淡水鱼中七氯及环氧七氯的含量和分布.环境科学研究, 2008，21（4）：169－173

(105)           张 颖, 摆亚军，徐福留, 陶 澍(2006). 河北水库及湖泊沉积物中DDT农药的残留特征与风险评估. 环境科学学报,26(4): 626－631.

(106)           陶澍、骆永明、朱利中、王学军、曹军、李本纲、徐福留、张枝焕(2006). 典型微量有机污染物的区域环境过程. 环境科学学报26(1): 168-171.

(107)           徐福留，赵珊珊，郝君宜，张颖，詹 巍，赵臻彦(2005)。经济发展可持续性状态与趋势定量评价方法研究。环境科学学报,25(6):711-420

(108)           赵臻彦, 徐福留,郝君宜, 詹巍,赵珊珊, 张颖, 胡维平(2005)。湖泊生态系统健康定量评价方法研究。生态学报,25(6):230-239

(109)           郭淼,陶澍,杨宇,李本纲,曹军,王学军,刘文新,徐福留,吴永宁(2005). 天津地区人群对六六六的暴露分析. 环境科学, 26(1): 164-167

(110)           李新荣,李本纲,陶澍, 郭淼, 曹军, 王学军, 刘文新, 徐福留,吴永宁(2005). 天津地区人群对多环芳烃的暴露. 环境科学学报, 25(7) :989 – 993

(111)           天,吴水平,徐福留,王学军,陶澍(2005). 天津地区冬季不同粒径大气颗粒物中的DDTs. 农业环境科学学报, 24 (6):1182- 1185

(112)           段永红,李本纲,陶澍,王学军,徐福留,曹军,刘文新(2005). 天津地区表土中蒽和芘的频率分布特征. 地理研究, 24(4): 559-564.

(113)           段永红,陶澍,王学军,李本纲,徐福留,刘文新,曹军,朱利中,骆永明(2005). 天津表土中多环芳烃含量的空间分布特征与来源. 土壤学报, 42 (6): 942-947.

(114)           徐福留，赵珊珊，杜婷婷，詹巍，赵臻彦，郝君宜，张颖(2004). 区域经济发展对生态环境压力的定量评价. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2004, 14(4): 36－36

(115)           詹巍，徐福留，赵臻彦，郝君宜，赵珊珊，张颖，胡维平(2004). 区域生态系统景观结构演化定量评价方法. 生态学报, 2004, 24 (10): 2263-2268.

(116)           杨宇，石璇，徐福留，陶澍(2004). 天津地区土壤中萘的生态风险分析. 环境科学, 2004, 25(2): 115-118.

(117)           石璇，杨宇，徐福留，刘文新，陶澍(2004). 天津地区地表水中多环芳烃的生态风险. 环境科学学报, 2004, 24(4): 619-624.

(118)           郎畅;刘娅囡;吴水平;左谦;兰天;徐福留;曹军;李本纲;王学军;刘文新;陶澍(2004). bat365在线平台非采暖期室内空气中的气态多环芳烃. 环境科学学报, 24(4): 655-660

(119)           潘波;施治;何新春;范巍;邢冠华;冯小娟;徐福留;李本纲;曹军;王学军;陶澍;沈伟然;秦宝平;孙韧;张文具(2004). 天津地区鱼塘中的HCH_s残留. 农业环境科学学, 23(2): 368-371

(120)           施治;潘波;何新春;吴水平;曹军;刘文新;徐福留;李本纲;王学军;陶澍;沈伟然;秦宝平;孙韧;张文具(2004). 天津地区鱼塘水、悬浮物、沉积物和鱼体中的DDT. 农村生态环境, 20(4): 51-55

(121)           吴水平;左谦;兰天;邓惠文;李本纲;徐福留;沈伟然;秦保平;孙韧;陶澍(2004). 天津地区冬季总悬浮颗粒物中PAHs污染特征. 环境科学, 25(4): 13-17

(122)           陶文娣;王会;王瑾芳;周萌;徐福留(2004). 北京市董事长环境意识调查与分析. 中国人口·资源与环境,14(1): 130-134

(123)           吴水平;兰天;左谦;刘文新;曹军;李本纲;徐福留;沈伟然;秦保平;孙韧;张文具;陶澍(2004). 天津地区一些降尘中多环芳烃的含量与分布. 环境科学学报, 24(6): 1066-1073

(124)           徐福留，赵臻彦，曹 军，陶 澍(2003). 农业生态系统可持续发展的制约因素与调控对策. 水土保持通报,23(2): 56-59

(125)           王喜龙, 徐福留, 王学军, 李本纲, 曹军, 陶澍(2003), 天津污灌区苯并(a)芘的分布和迁移通量模型, 环境科学学报, 23(1): 88-93

(126)    卢小燕，徐福留，詹 巍，赵臻彦，陶 澍(2003). 湖泊富营养化模型的研究现状与发展趋势. 水科学进展, 14(6): 792-798

(127)    胡会峰，徐福留，赵臻彦，詹 巍(2003). 青海湖生态系统健康评价. 城市环境城市生态, 16(3): 71-75

(128)    曹红英, 曹军, 徐福留, 李本纲, 王学军, 刘文新, 沈伟然, 秦宝平, 孙韧, 陶澍(2003). 天津地区六六六的归宿和跨界面迁移. 环境化学, 22(6): 548-554

(129)    曹红英;陶澍;王喜龙;曹军;李本纲;徐福留;刘文新;沈伟然;秦宝平;孙韧(2003). 天津地区菲的空间分异多介质归趋模型. 环境科学, 24(5): 54-59

(130)    曹红英;龚钟明;曹军;李本纲;徐福留;陶澍(2003). 估算天津环境中,y-HCH归宿的逸度模型. 环境科学, 24(2): 77-81

(131)    龚钟明, 曹军, 李本纲, 徐福留, 陶澍, 沈伟然, 张文具, 秦宝平, 孙韧(2003). 天津地区土壤中六六六（HCH）的残留及分布特征.中国环境科学, 23(3): 311-314

(132)    龚钟明, 王学军, 曹军,徐福留, 李本纲,崔艳红, 沈伟然, 秦宝平, 孙韧, 陶澍(2003). 天津地区土壤中DDT的残留分布研究. 环境科学学报,      23(4): 447-451

(133)    吴水平, 曹军, 李本纲, 徐福留, 沈伟然, 秦宝平, 孙韧, 陶澍(2003). 城区大气颗粒物中有机氯农药的含量与分布. 环境科学研究, 16(4)36-39

(134)    施治;潘波;范巍;刘宇;曹军;李本纲;徐福留;沈伟然;秦宝平;孙韧;张震;陶澍(2003). 含硫沉积物中有机氯农药的样品提净化与测定. 农业环境科学学报, 22(6): 689-692

(135)    徐福留，赵臻彦，周加桂，曹 军，陶 澍(2002). 南京市江浦县沿江、沿滁湿地开发利用与保护. 农业环境保护, 21（5）：468－470.

(136)    曹军, 徐福留 ,李本纲 ,陶澍 ,林健枝(2002). 河水可溶性有机物与Cu~(2+)络合常数的确定. 环境科学学报，22（3）：310-314

(137)    曹军, 徐福留,李本纲,陶澍,林健枝(2002). 河水DOC络合特性测定方法比较, 环境科学, 23（1）：119-122

(138)    龙爱民,潘波,徐福留,李本纲,曹军,陶澍(2002). 高岭土吸附态铜对鲤鱼鱼鳃的生物有效性, 环境科学，23（2）：100-103

(139)    陈有监,黄艺,曹军,徐福留, 李本纲,陶澍(2002). 玉米根际土壤中铜形态的动态变化, 生态学报，22(10): 1666-1671

(140)    龙爱民,潘波,徐福留,李本纲,曹军,陶澍(2002). 不同条件下鲤鱼鳃部对高岭土颗粒吸附态铜的吸收, 生态学报, 22(10)1640-1644

(141)    王喜龙, 徐福留, 李本纲, 曹军, 陶澍(2002). 天津污灌区苯并(a)芘、荧蒽和菲生态毒性的风险表征, 城市环境与城市生态, 15(4):10-12.

(142)    龚钟明, 朱学梅, 崔艳红, 徐福留, 李本纲, 曹军, 陶澍, 沈伟然, 赵喜梅, 韩兰香(2002). 天津市郊农田土壤中有机氯农药污染的局地分异, 城市环境城市生态, 15(4):4-6

(143)    徐福留，周加桂，李本纲，曹军，陶澍(2001). 城市环境质量多级模糊综合评价。城市环境与城市生态，14(2): 13-15

(144)    徐福留，卢小燕，周加桂，曹军，李本纲，陶澍(2001). 大型水利工程环境影响评价指标体系及综合评价方法探讨, 水土保持通报，21(4): 10-14

(145)    徐福留，曹军，陶澍(2001). 区域生态系统可持续发展限制因素分析-以青岛市城阳区为例。中国人口.资源与环境，11(3)：60-62

(146)    徐福留，周加桂，陶澍(2001). 黄山风景区第四纪冰川遗迹的景观特征与保护措施。城市环境与城市生态，14(6): 8-10

(147)    曹军,李本纲,徐福留,陶澍(2001). 土壤中水溶性有机碳与铜的相互影响, 环境化学, 20: 561-565

(148)    曹军,李本纲,徐福留,陶澍,林健枝(2001). 水体与土壤中天然有机物与铜的络合作用及其影响因素, 环境科学学报, 21: 726-730

(149)    徐尚平,陶澍,曹军,徐福留,李本纲(2001). 内蒙地区A、C层土壤中微量元素含量比值的影响因素及空间结构分析, 土壤通报, 32: 230-234

(150)    习小环, 徐福留，曹军，陶澍(2001). 根据片段常数法估算有机化合物对虹鳟的LC50值, 环境科学, 22(01)29-32

(151)    陶澍,曹军,李本纲,徐福留,陈伟元(2001). 深圳土壤微量元素含量成因分析, 土壤学报, 38: 248-255

(152)    习小环,陶澍,徐福留,李本纲,曹军(2001). 预测有机化合物对水蚤EC50值的片段常数法, 环境化学, 20(01): 145-150

(153)    龙爱民,陶澍,徐福留,曹军(2001). 彩虹方头鱼（Paracheirodon innesi）鱼鳃微环境特性及铜的生物有效性, 环境科学学报, 21(01): 218-223

(154)    闻怡;陶澍;龙爱民;刘长发;徐福留(2000).. 鲤鱼鱼鳃微环境酸碱条件与铜形态分布模拟. 环境化学,19(5):401

(155)    徐尚平;陶澍;徐福留;曹军(2000). 内蒙土壤微量元素含量的空间结构特征. 地理学报,55(3):337-

(156)    李本纲;陶澍;曹军;徐福留(2000). 城市道路交通噪声预测理论-统计模型. 环境科学,21(6):1-

(157)    徐福留，陶澍, 徐桌然(2000). 灰色局势决策模型在生态环境综合整治方案优化中的应用.环境科学学报,20(4): 361-365.

(158)    徐福留, 曹军, 陶澍等(2000). 区域生态系统可持续发展敏感因子与敏感区分析。中国环境科学, 20(5):563-568.

(159)    徐福留，陶澍，徐亦兵(2000). 某火电厂灰水氟化物浓度确定及对地下饮用水源污染预测. 城市环境与城市生态，13（3）：50-53.